Postpayment Service-Specific Probe Results for Therapeutic Exercise for April through June 2021
Postpayment Service-Specific Probe Results for Therapeutic Exercise in Alabama, Georgia and Tennessee for April through June 2021
Palmetto GBA performed service-specific postpayment probe review on CPT code 97110 —Therapeutic Exercise. This edit was set in Alabama, Georgia and Tennessee. The results for the probe review, for claims processed April through June, 2021, are presented here.
Cumulative Results
A total of 614 claims were reviewed in Alabama, Georgia and Tennessee combined, with 248 of the claims were either completely or partially denied. This resulted in an overall claim denial rate of 40.39 percent. The total dollars reviewed were $220,815.01, of which $28,358.39 were denied, resulting in a charge denial rate of 12.84 percent. Overall, there were a total of 26 auto-denied claim in the region.
Alabama Results
A total of 196 claims were reviewed, with 66 of the claims either completely or partially denied. This resulted in a claim denial rate of 33.67 percent. The total dollars reviewed were $74,841.42, of which $6,801.55 were denied, resulting in a charge denial rate of 9.09 percent. The top denial reasons identified, and number of occurrences based on dollars denied are:
Percent of Total Denials |
Denial Code |
Denial Description |
Number of Occurrences |
39.39% |
5D164/5H164 |
No Documentation of Medical Necessity |
26 |
24.24% |
5D165/5H165 |
No Physician Certification/Recertification |
16 |
9.09% |
5D199/5H199 |
Billing Error |
6 |
7.58% |
5D151/5H151 |
Units Billed More Than Ordered |
5 |
6.06% |
5D920/5H920 |
The Recommended Protocol Was Not Ordered and/or Followed |
4 |
6.06% |
5D169/5H169 |
Services Not Documented |
4 |
4.55% |
5D162/5H162 |
No Valid Plan of Care |
3 |
3.03% |
5FFSG/5CFSG |
Missing or Illegible Signature |
2 |
Georgia Results
A total of 186 claims were reviewed, with 90 of the claims either completely or partially denied. This resulted in a claim denial rate of 48.39 percent. The total dollars reviewed were $68,500.46, of which $11,065.63 were denied, resulting in a charge denial rate of 16.15 percent. The top denial reasons identified, and number of occurrences based on dollars denied are:
Percent of Total Denials |
Denial Code |
Denial Description |
Number of Occurrences |
33.33% |
5D164/5H164 |
No Documentation of Medical Necessity |
30 |
33.33% |
5D165/5H165 |
No Physician Certification/Recertification |
30 |
15.56% |
5D920/5H920 |
The Recommended Protocol Was Not Ordered and/or Followed |
14 |
11.11% |
5D169/5H169 |
Services Not Documented |
10 |
3.33% |
5D199/5H199 |
Billing Error |
3 |
2.22% |
5D151/5H151 |
Units Billed More Than Ordered |
2 |
1.11% |
5D162/5H162 |
No Valid Plan of Care |
1 |
Tennessee Results
A total of 232 claims were reviewed, with 92 of the claims either completely or partially denied. This resulted in a claim denial rate of 39.66 percent. The total dollars reviewed were $77,473.13, of which $10,491.21 were denied, resulting in a charge denial rate of 13.54 percent. The top denial reasons identified, and number of occurrences based on dollars denied are:
Percent of Total Denials |
Denial Code |
Denial Description |
Number of Occurrences |
34.78% |
5D164/5H164 |
No Documentation of Medical Necessity |
32 |
32.61% |
5D165/5H165 |
No Physician Certification/Recertification |
30 |
9.78% |
5D920/5H920 |
The Recommended Protocol Was Not Ordered and/or Followed |
9 |
8.70% |
5D199/5H199 |
Billing Error |
8 |
6.52% |
5D169/5H169 |
Services Not Documented |
6 |
5.43% |
5FFSG/5CFSG |
Missing or Illegible Signature |
5 |
2.17% |
5D151/5H151 |
Units Billed More Than Ordered |
2 |
Denial Reasons and Prevention Recommendations
5D164/5H164 — No Documentation of Medical Necessity
Reason for Denial
This claim was denied because the documentation submitted does not support the medical necessity of the service reviewed. The records did not contain any covered condition or indication, symptomology or diagnostic results that would support the service was reasonable and necessary for the treatment of the beneficiary.
How to Avoid This Denial
- Submit all documentation related to the services billed which support the medical necessity of the services. Documentation should support:
- A covered indication or condition for the service billed
- A physician/NPP is managing the care of the covered indication or condition
- Any medical history that supports a need for the service
- Any diagnostic results or symptomology that supports a need for the service
- A legible physician or nonphysician provider (NPP) signature is required on all documentation necessary to support medical necessity
- Use the most appropriate ICD-10-CM codes to identify the beneficiary’s medical diagnosis
More Information
- Code of Federal Regulations, 42 CFR — Section 411.15
- Social Security Act (SSA) — Section 1862(a)(1)(A)
- LCDs and NCDs page on Palmetto GBA's website
- CMS Internet-Only Manual (IOM), Pub 100-08, Medicare Program Integrity Manual, Chapter 3, Section 3.3.2.4 (PDF, 652.50 KB)
- CMS Medicare Learning Network (MLN) Matters article MM6698: Signature Guidelines for Medical Review Purposes
- Medicare Medical Records: Signature Requirements Acceptable and Unacceptable Practices
5D165/5H165 — No Physician Certification/Recertification
Reason for Denial
For outpatient therapy services to be covered by the Medicare program, the plan of care must be certified by the physician or nonphysician practitioner (NPP). Certification means that the physician or NPP has signed and dated the plan of care or some other document that indicates approval of the plan of care. No valid physician certification or recertification was submitted.
How to Avoid This Denial
- The plan of care must be complete and valid for the certification to be valid
- The physician/NPP signature on the certification must be legible
- The initial certification should be signed/dated within 30 days of the first day of treatment (including the evaluation)
- The recertification must occur at least every 90 calendar days
- The physician/NPP signature on the certification must be legible for the certification to be valid
- If certification is provided on a separate document other than the actual plan of care, there must be documentation to support the certifying physician/NPP had access to the plan of care for review. This can be a statement on the document for the physician/NPP, a fax log showing where the plan of care was forwarded to the physician/NPP, or a note in the therapy record indicating the plan of care was forwarded to the physician /NPP.
More Information
- 42 (CFR) Code of Federal Regulations, Sections 410.61 and 424.24
- CMS Internet-Only Manual (IOM), Pub 100-02, Medicare Benefit Policy Manual, Chapter 15, Section 220 (PDF, 1.55 MB)
- Palmetto GBA Local Coverage Determinations
- Outpatient Physical Therapy
- Outpatient Occupational Therapy
- Outpatient Speech Language Pathology
- CMS Internet-Only Manual (IOM), Pub 100-8, Medicare Program Integrity Manual, Chapter 3, Section 3.4.1.1, D, Signature Requirements (PDF, 652.50 KB)
5D920/5H920 — The Recommended Protocol Was Not Ordered and/or Followed
Reason for Denial
Medicare cannot pay for this service because one or more requirements for coverage were not met.
How to Avoid This Denial
Documentation that may be helpful to avoid future denials for this reason may include, but are not limited to, the following:
- Clear physician’s order with indication of need, dose, frequency and route
- Date and time of associated chemotherapy, as applicable
- Relevant medical history documented prior to the DOS and signed by the physician or appropriate nonphysician provider to include:
- Clear indication of the diagnosis
- Clinical signs and symptoms
- Prior treatment and response as applicable
- Stage of treatment as applicable
- Clear and complete documentation of administration signed by the person providing the service
- Ensure the service was provided per the coverage guidelines for the service
- Documentation of administration
More Information
- LCDs and NCDs page on Palmetto GBA's website
- CMS Internet-Only Manual (IOM), Pub 100-02, Medicare Benefit Policy Manual, Chapter 15, Section 50 — Drugs & Biologicals (PDF, 1.55 MB)
- CMS Internet-Only Manual (IOM), Pub 100-04: Medicare Claims Processing Manual, Chapter 17 — Drugs and Biologicals (PDF, 493.16 KB)
- CMS Internet-Only Manual (IOM), Pub 100-02, Medicare Benefit Policy Manual, Chapter 15, Sections 220 and 230 — Outpatient Therapy (PDF, 1.55 MB)
5D169/5H169 — Services Not Documented
Reason for Denial
This claim was partially or fully denied because the provider billed for services/items not documented in the medical record submitted.
How to Avoid This Denial
- Submit all documentation related to the services billed
- Ensure that results submitted are for the date of service billed, the correct beneficiary and the specific service billed
- Ensure that the documentation is complete with proper authentication and the signature is legible
For more information refer to: Code of Federal Regulations, 42 CFR — Sections 410.32 and 424.5.
5D199/5H199 — Billing Error
Reason for Denial
The services billed were not covered because the documentation provided did not support the claim as billed by the provider.
How to Avoid This Denial
To avoid future denials for this reason:
- Check all bills for accuracy prior to submitting to Medicare
- Ensure that the documentation submitted, in response to the ADR, corresponds with the date that the service was rendered, and the dates of service billed
More Information
- CMS Internet-Only Manual (IOM), Pub 100-08, Medicare Program Integrity Manual, Chapter 3, Section 3.6.2.4 (PDF, 652.50 KB)
- CMS Internet-Only Manual (IOM), Pub 100-04, Medicare Claims Processing Manual
5D151/5H151 — Units Billed More Than Ordered
Reason for Denial
The medical record provided for the outpatient service did not support the number of units billed on the claim. Per the documentation more units were billed than provided.
How to Avoid This Denial
Under the Outpatient Prospective Payment System (OPPS), when HCPC code reporting is required the number of times the service or procedure was performed or the amount of the service used must also be accurately reported in the service units.
- For time-based general outpatient services, make sure the start and end time, or total length of the service is documented clearly in the record
- For other general outpatient services, make sure the amount of the service is documented clearly in the record
- When reporting drugs or biologicals make sure the amount of the drug given is clearly documented and properly converted into units when submitted for payment
- For outpatient therapy services, make sure the timed treatment minutes for the timed services provided are documented clearly in the record
More Information
- 42 (CFR) Codes of Federal Regulations, Sections 410.27 and 424.5
- CMS Internet-Only Manual (IOM), Pub 100-04, Medicare Claims Processing Manual, Chapter 4, Section 20.4 — General Outpatient Billing (PDF, 1.68 MB)
- CMS Internet-Only Manual (IOM), Pub 100-04: Medicare Claims Processing Manual, Chapter 17: Drugs and Biologicals (PDF, 493.16 KB)
- CMS Internet-Only Manual (IOM), Pub 100-04, Medicare Claims Processing Manual, Chapter 5, Sections 20.2 — Outpatient Rehabilitation (PDF, 693.68 KB)
5FFSG/5CFSG — Missing or Illegible Signature
Reason for Denial
The services billed were not covered because there were missing or illegible provider signature(s), and a signature log or provider attestation was not received.
How to Avoid This Denial
- A legible signature is required on all documentation necessary to support orders and medical necessity
- A signature log or provider attestation must be submitted for review timely (within 20 calendar days) when requested. The 20-day timeframe begins once 1) the contractor makes an actual phone contact with the provider, or 2) the date the request letter is received by the post office
- Medicare requires that services provided/ordered be authenticated by the author. The method used shall be a handwritten or an electronic signature. Stamp signatures are not acceptable.
More Information
- CMS Internet-Only Manual (IOM), Pub 100-08, Medicare Program Integrity Manual, Chapter 3, Section 3.4.1.1 (PDF, 652.50 KB)
- CMS Medicare Learning Network (MLN) Matters article MM6698: Signature Guidelines for Medical Review Purposes
5D162/5H162 — No Valid Plan of Care
Reason for Denial
For services to be covered by the Medicare program, these services must be furnished under a written plan of care and the plan of care must be established before rendering treatment. The plan can be established by the physician or nonphysician practitioner (NPP), the treating physical therapist, occupational therapist, or speech-language pathologist. The NPP can be a physician assistant, nurse practitioner, or clinical nurse specialist. (Only a physician can establish a plan of care in a Comprehensive Outpatient Rehabilitation Facility.)
How to Avoid This Denial
Documentation and tips that may be helpful to avoid future denials for this reason may include, but are not limited to, the following:
- At a minimum, the plan of care should include (1) the diagnosis, (2) long term goals and (3) type, amount, duration and frequency of the specific therapy service
- Changes in the plan may be made in writing and must be signed by one of the following: the physician, the physical therapist who furnishes the physical therapy services, the occupational therapist who furnishes the occupational therapy services, the speech-language pathologist who furnishes the speech-language pathology services, a registered professional nurse, a nurse practitioner, a clinical nurse specialist or a physician assistant
More Information
- 42 (CFR) Code of Federal Regulations, Sections 410.61 and 424.24
- CMS Internet-Only Manual (IOM), Pub 100-02, Medicare Benefit Policy Manual, Chapter 15, Section 220 (PDF, 1.55 MB)
- CMS Internet-Only Manual (IOM), Pub 100-03, Medicare National Coverage Determinations Manual
- LCDs and NCDs page on Palmetto GBA's website
The Next Steps
The service-specific postpayment medical review edits for CPT 97110 — Therapeutic Exercise in Alabama, Georgia and Tennessee will be continued based on moderate charge denial rates and medium to high impact severity errors. If significant billing aberrancies are identified, provider-specific review may be initiated.
If you are dissatisfied with a claim determination you have the right to request an appeal. Palmetto GBA encourages you to review the documentation originally submitted, and if you believe you have additional supporting documentation you may include this information with your appeal. For more information related to the appeals process please refer to the Redetermination First Level Appeal form. Questions regarding this medical review can be directed to the Palmetto GBA Provider Contact Center at 877–567–7271.